Fading Kitten Caused by Hereditary & Congenital Abnormalities

There are many congenital abnormalities of cats which may become apparent during the first few months of life and some of these may cause death of young kittens. Some will be discovered on casual examination of the kittens, but in other cases a post mortem examination will be required to reveal their presence. Many inborn errors of metabolism are recognised in man and other species and these can only be diagnosed in life, often requiring sophisticated laboratory investigation.



Fading Kitten, congenital defect, two headed kitten
abnormal shape of the head due congenital defect


 

A few such congenital defects of metabolism have been recognised in cats, but they have received little consideration in this species and it is likely that they may account for some of the occasional losses encountered in young kittens.

Fading Kitten, congenital defect, Hydrocephalus
abnormal shape of the head due to hydrocephalus

Although congenital malformations may be acquired, e.g., cerebellar hypoplasia due to intrauterine parvovirus infection, many have a hereditary basis. They include many developmental disorders leading to musculoskeletal defects, hernias, and cardiovascular disorders.

In addition, many inborn errors of metabolism have been described that affect the intermediary metabolism. They include many storage diseases that lead to neuromuscular disorders. Hereditary disorders that may contribute to fading kitten syndrome and kitten mortality complex are listed below.

Fading Kitten, congenital defect, anencephaly
Absent of the fore brain




Hereditary diseases associated with fading kitten syndrome and kitten mortality complex :

  • Anencephaly 
  • Hydrocephalus 
  • Spina bifida 
  • Pharyngeal polyps 
  • Cleft palate  
  • Midfacial dysmorphia  
  • Osteogenesis imperfecta 
  • Muscular dystrophy 
  • Feline porphyria 
  • Hemophilia A and B 
  • Vitamin-K dependent coagulopathy 
  • Hypotrichosis congenita with thymus atrophy 
  • Ehlers-Danlos syndrome 
  • Lactic aciduria 
  • Methylmalonic aciduria 
  • Primary oxaluria 
  • Cardiomyopathy 
  • Primary hyperlipidemia 
  • Ventricular septal defects 
  • Portosystemic shunts 
  • Endocardial fibroelastosis 
  • Alpha-mannosidosis 
  • Patent ductus arteriosus 
  • Gangliosidosis I, II 
  • Megaesophagus 
  • Mucopolysaccharidosis I, VI, VII 
  • Diaphragmatic hernia 
  • Glycogenosis IV 
  • Umbilica hernia 
  • Globoid cell leukodystrophy 
  • Atresia ani
  • Sphingolipidosis 
  • Spasticity